不少学生对科学特别有兴趣,也想要参加国际的理科类竞赛,但常常不得其法,比如——不知道都有哪些竞赛,某个竞赛的含金量多少,去哪里报名……?
为了回答这些疑问,启明星星爸星妈学院特意安排了一场讲座,由我们的中学科学组负责人、科学课教师王桂华博士为大家讲解《以国际理科竞赛助力科学素养提升》:
王桂华
北京科技大学物理化学博士学位
超过20年的教学经验,专长领域为化学
曾在美国德克萨斯大学(The University of Texas at Arlington)和伊力诺依理工大学(Illinois Institute of Technology)从事博士后研究工作
2020年带队并指导学生获得英国奥林匹克化学竞赛全球银奖
2021年带队并指导学生获得加拿大化学竞赛全球金
参加理科竞赛的意义
王桂华:学生参加国际理科竞赛,可以有多重收获。
首先,也是我自己最看重的,参加竞赛能帮助学生拓宽学术视野,我总结了以下几点:
1. 以赛促学,以赛代练
2. 补充课本学习内容
3. 提高阅读技巧和计算速度
4. 备赛内容往往和科研趋势紧密联系,也和牛津、剑桥大学的面试题目或理念接近,是准备牛、剑面试的好方法;另外,因为备赛题目涵盖了部分大学学术内容,对于学生顺利过渡到大学的学习很有帮助。
其次,就是参加竞赛有出色表现,有助于未来的大学申请。在期刊上发表文章,在自媒体上展示自己的学术兴趣和学术活动,还有参加学术竞赛,都可以向看重学术的大学展示自己在学术方面兴趣广泛,有所积累。剑桥大学强烈推荐的学术竞赛活动就包括英国物理奥赛、化学奥赛、生物奥赛等。很多学生会选择参加其中的一门,甚至两门比赛。
国际理科竞赛体系有什么样的特点?
王桂华:国际理科竞赛体系受到美国和加拿大科学教育的影响较大,体现了S.T.S.E.的理念,即科学、技术、社会、环境,号召学习者关注科技、人文、环境之间的相互作用与联系,围绕生活真实问题进行探究。
于是,国际科学竞赛的题目会体现如下特点:
• 技术前沿性、新颖性,题目内容是贴近生活的;
• 高起点,也就是题目内容是关于技术前沿的,低落点,也就是学生还是可以通过已经学过的知识来解决题目的;
• 信息迁移类的题目,即在全新场景下更多考察学生对于知识点的推导、相互关联、灵活运用。
比如有一年的英国化学奥赛题目的背景是,当时刚刚举行完的巴西奥运会上,大家发现,有好几个游泳池的水居然是绿色的。题目以这样的信息为题干,实际上考察的是学生在课堂上学过的氧化还原反应。
国际上有哪些代表性的竞赛可以参加?
兴趣启蒙竞赛
美国青少年化学家挑战(YBTC)
1. 适合5年级到7年级还没有系统学习化学学科的学生,宗旨是启发和激发学生对于化学学习和科学探索的兴趣和信心,激励他们成为化学家。每年,来自美国41个州超过6万名学生参与,为美国极具影响力的青少年科学活动,是大多数美国热爱科学的学生在低年级时必会参加的科学类活动;
2. 是非常难得的小初化学专项兴趣启蒙;
3. 有非常详细的双语备赛考纲;
4. 可以培养学生初步的科学研究精神和建立探究标准。
美国科学大联盟(NSL)
1. 适合K-12年级学生,难度从科学兴趣启蒙到跨学科综合应用;
2. 考察知识设计紧贴美国NGSS课程标准,要求掌握和理解基本科学概念,培养信息探究和应用能力;
3. 全部为选择题,计算量和知识难度较低,可以作为小学双语科普知识练习、科学竞赛入门比赛;
4. 7-8年级即可选择参与初中科学科目,8-9年级即可选择高中科学科目。
澳大利亚科学测评(BSC)
1. 适合7-9年级学生参加,是全球最大的科学综合竞赛,由澳大利亚科学创新会(澳大利亚科学奥赛主办方)举办,一线科学家和教育家出题,涵盖物理、化学、生物、地球与空间科学等学科,需要学生运用从初中到高中的理工类理论知识,来探讨和学习各类科学前沿问题,激发和鼓励学生综合运用各学科知识去探索和解决现实问题;
2. 可供提升科学素养,也可作为入门级的竞赛热身;
3. 非常贴合S.T.S.E.理念,高起点,低落点,用贴近生活的创新前沿问题考察学生对课本基础知识的灵活运用;
4. 属于典型的“信息迁移(信息给予)”题目,我们强烈推荐学生将其作为科学英文信息阅读和对信息迁移应用题目熟悉的资料。
高阶奥林匹克竞赛▪物理类
奥林匹克竞赛(BPhO)
1. 难度较大,为参加国际物理奥赛选拔人才;
2. 从知识模块占比例来看,40%以上的分值都归类为力学知识模块,因此学生可以将主要精力放在强化学习力学相关知识上,在热学、电学、光学和近代物理方面的学习稍作加强即可;
3. 非A-level学生需要适当补充量纲分析内容。
美国高中物理测评( PhysicsBowl)
1. 比上一个竞赛难度低,50道题分为Division 1和Division 2个组别,分别适应不同年级学生;
2. 知识点覆盖范围较广,力学为主,另有热、光/波、电、近代物理史内容;
3. 全部是选择题,40道题目45分钟完成,计算量比较大,后10题相对较难。
美国普林斯顿物理竞赛 (PUPC)
1. 公认的难度系数大、获奖率低的国际物理挑战,由美国普林斯顿大学物理系及天体物理科学系提供支持;
2. 学生需要A-Level、IB HL或AP物理C水平才能参加,如果在比赛中表现出色,对于申请美本藤校物理相关方向有很大帮助;
3. 没有非常固定的考纲,会在官网上更新大概的考试范围。
滑铁卢牛顿物理竞赛 (SIN)
1. 以提升学生对物理的兴趣为目标,由加拿大滑铁卢大学物理系和天文系主办,适合北美方向STEM申请,尤其是对滑铁卢大学有意向的学生;
2. 难度适中,全球奖项获奖率较高;
3. 竞赛120分钟,全部为选择题,以经典力学题目为主。
高阶奥林匹克竞赛▪化学类
英国化学奥赛(UKChO)
1. 英国最高学术权威的高中化学竞赛,为国际化学奥赛选拔人才,是牛津和剑桥大学推荐的化学奥赛项目。学生如果申请牛剑的化学、化工、环境、医学、材料、药学等专业,该竞赛是必备的学术背景提升项目;
2. 没有固定大纲,题目难度与AP化学接近,与A-level化学结合度非常高。学生备赛时,可以练习竞赛官方指定的化学奥赛预备题目和历届真题;
3. 试卷难度体现在阅读量和计算量大,且覆盖了部分大学的学习内容;
4. 体现了非常明显的S.T.S.E.理念,大量信息迁移题目来自最新的学术期刊,建议学生平时对科技创新期刊、网站有所关注,例如主办方RSC的官网,以及剑桥自然科学官方推荐的《New Scientist》、《Young Scientist Journal》等。
加拿大化学奥赛 (JCCO&CCC&CCO)
1. 加拿大最权威的化学竞赛之一,由加拿大化学会主办,是国家级的奥赛选拔系列,适合8年级及以上学生参加;
2. 难度梯度明显,进阶性强。CCC较简单,适合作为对化学有兴趣或者有一定特长、希望拓宽学术视野或获取北美方向高含金量赛事的同学参与,CCO较难,适合有较强化学奥赛竞技水平的学生参与。
澳大利亚化学奥赛(ASOC)
1. 澳大利亚最高水平的化学竞赛;
2. 包含选择题和信息阅读题,难度与CCC类似,获奖率相对较高;
3. 考试内容和主流国际高中课程(比如IGCSE或A-level的AS)的化学科目内容有80%的重合,还包括部分A2(A-level的高阶)内容。我们建议至少有IGCSE化学科目基础的学生,补齐剩余知识点,熟悉真题之后参加。
怎样规划参加竞赛?
提示:参加竞赛时,不必考虑国别,国别并不影响未来大学申请。
1. 按年级划分,可以这样规划:
5-6年级——素养启蒙,参加STEM素养启蒙类竞赛和课外兴趣活动;
7-9年级——视野扩展,参加综合性科学竞赛和物理/化学/生物专项竞赛 ;
10-12年级——学术进阶,参加奥赛、理化生相关实验项目的科研实践、也可以参加顶尖大学的在线课程锁定专业目标 ;
成果产出——拿到奥赛奖项,取得研究性学习成果,参加国际科研论坛,展示自己的实践经验和科研成果。
2. 想要证明自己的潜力和学术兴趣,可以从低年级开始参加初级竞赛,渐渐晋级,直至奥赛水平的竞赛,彰显自己对科学的热情和执着;
3. 如果确定要申请某个大学,考虑选择该大学自己的竞赛,比如滑铁卢牛顿物理竞赛 (Sir Isaac Newton Exam )、美国普林斯顿物理竞赛 (PUPC)等;
4. 按照年级来规划,以物理、化学为例,这个总结供大家参考:
物理:1-6年级NSL; 7年级BSC; 8年级JPC; 9年级 IPC&SPC/BAAO Junior; 10-12年级BPhO, PhysicsBowl, SIN
化学:5-7年级 YBTC/BSC; 8-9年级 BSC/JCCO;10年级 CCC/ASOC;11-12年级 UKChO/CCO
5. 奥赛赛事选择需要和未来想要学习的专业结合,比如:
天体物理学: UKMT+BPHO+BAAO
Chemistry/chemical
工程学:UKMT+UKCHO+BPHO
生物学/生物化学/药理学: UKMT+UKCHO+BBO
物理学: UKMT+BPHO+UKCHO
温馨提示
1. 谁适合参加科学类奥赛?
a. 奥赛并不适合所有年级,11和12年级学生以及特别优秀的9年级和10年级学生可以参加;
b. 学术很强的学生 (在A-level预估能拿到A/A*,IB 科学修高级课程,分数能拿到7);
c. 对有意在大学里学习物理、化学、生物有兴趣的学生;
d. 有毅力有意愿参加奥赛的学生!
2. 几个重要的获取竞赛信息的渠道:
a. 阿思丹(中国):以往的论文、研讨班、项目
http://www.seedasdan.com
b. Olympiad Support Booklet:
https://edu.rsc.org/un-chemistry-olympiad/chemistry-olympiad-support-booklet/1149.article
c. Olympiad Bites
https://edu.rsc.org/resources/chemistry-olympiad-worked-answers/1057.article
d. https://isaacphysics.org
e. Socrative: www.socrative.com
在启明星,科学老师们会提供相应的支持,欢迎对科学竞赛有兴趣的学生主动向老师咨询!
欢迎扫码观看王桂华博士的整场直播视频:
Many students are particularly interested in science and would like to participate in international science competitions, but are confused, for example - they do not know what competitions are available, how important a competition is, and where to go to register ?...
To answer these questions, Daystar Parents Academy organized a workshop with Dr. Jessica Wang, our Head of Secondary School Science Team and Science Teacher, to talk about International Science Competitions to help people to get more information.
Dr. Jessica Wang
PhD in Physical Chemistry from University of Science and Technology Beijing
Over 20 years of teaching experience, specializing in chemistry
Worked as a Postdoctoral Research Associate in Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, and as a Senior Research Associate in Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology
Coached students through the International Chemistry Olympiad UK and won Silvery Award in 2020
Coached students through the Canadian Chemistry Contest and won Global Merit Certificate in 2021.
Purpuse of Attending Competition
Jessica:Students can obtain multiple benefits from participating in international science competitions.
Firstly, and what I value most, participating in competitions can help students broaden their academic horizons in the following ways:
1. to promote learning by participating in competitions and practicing competitions
2. to supplement the content of textbook learning
3. to improve reading skills and calculation speed
4. The content of the competition is often closely related to scientific research trends, and also close to the interview topics or concepts of Oxford and Cambridge Universities, which is a good way to prepare for the interviews with Oxford and Cambridge Universities; in addition, because the competition topics cover some of the academic content of the university, it is very helpful for students to smoothly transition to the university studies.
Secondly, performing excellent in competitions will help with future college applications. Publishing articles in journals, presenting your academic interests and activities on self owned media, and participating in academic competitions can show universities that you have a wide range of interests in academics and that you have accumulated something. Highly recommended academic competitions at Cambridge include the British Physics Olympiad, Chemistry Olympiad, and Biology Olympiad. Many students will choose to participate in one, or even two of these competitions.
What are the Characteristics of the International
Science Competition System?
Jessica: The international science contest system is heavily influenced by American and Canadian science teaching phisolophy, and embodies the concept of S.T.S.E., which is Science, Technology, Society and Environment, calling on learners to emphasize the interactions and connections between science, technology, humanities, and the environment, and to conduct investigations centered on real life issues.
Thus, the topics of international science competitions will reflect the following characteristics:
- Technological frontiers, novelty, the topic content is close to life;
- High starting point, that is, the content of the topic is about the frontier of technology, and low falling point, that is, students can still solve the topic through the knowledge they have already learned;
- Information transfer questions, that is, in a new scenario to examine more students for the derivation of knowledge, interrelatedness, flexible use.
For example, one British Chemistry Olympiad question years ago was that the water in several swimming pools at the Brazil Olympics, which had just been held at that time, was green. The question was based on such information and actually examined the redox reactions that students had learned about in the classroom.
Classic Competitions Students
May Participate in?
Competitions at the Beginning Stage
You Be The Chemist Challenge (YBTC)
1. for students in grades 5 through 7 who have not yet systematically studied the subject of chemistry, the purpose of the competition is to inspire and motivate students to become chemists by stimulating their interest and confidence in the study of chemistry and scientific exploration. Each year, more than 60,000 students from 41 states participate in the competition which is a very influential youth science activity;
2. a very good elementary and junior chemistry special interest enlightenment;
3. a very detailed bilingual preparation syllabus;
4. developing students' initial scientific research spirit and establish inquiry standards.
National Science League (NSL)
1. suitable for students in grades K-12, with difficulty levels ranging from the initiation of scientific interest to comprehensive interdisciplinary applications;
2. examines knowledge closely following the U.S. NGSS curriculum standards, requiring mastery and understanding of basic science concepts, and fostering the ability to inquire and apply information;
3. all are multiple-choice questions with low calculation and knowledge difficulty, which can be used as elementary school bilingual science knowledge practice and introductory contests for science competitions;
4. grades 7-8 students can select middle school science subjects, and grades 8-9 students can select high school science subjects.
Big Science Competition(BSC)
1. suitable for students in grades 7-9, is the world's largest comprehensive science competition, organized by the Australian Science Innovation (ASI, organizer of the Australian Science Olympiad), with questions written by front-line scientists and educators, covering subjects such as physics, chemistry, biology, and earth and space sciences, etc. It requires students to apply theoretical knowledge of science and technology from junior high school to senior high school in order to explore and learn various types of cutting-edge scientific issues, and to stimulate and encourage students to apply knowledge from various disciplines in a comprehensive manner to explore and solve real-life problems;
2. can be used to enhance scientific literacy or as a warm-up for entry-level competitions;
3. very close to the S.T.S.E. concept, with a high starting point and a low landing point, using innovative and cutting-edge problems that are close to life to examine the flexible application of basic knowledge in textbooks;
4. It is a typical "information transfer" topic, and we strongly recommend students to use it as a resource for reading scientific English information and familiarizing themselves with information transfer application topics.
Olympiads▪Physics
British Physics Olympiad(BPhO)
1. more difficult and are designed to select talents for the International Physics Olympiad;
2. In terms of the proportion of knowledge modules, more than 40% of the marks are categorized into the Mechanics knowledge module. Therefore, students can focus on strengthening the knowledge related to Mechanics, and slightly enhance the learning in Thermal, Electrical, Optical and Modern Physics;
3. non-A-level students need to supplement the content of the dimensional analysis.
PhysicsBowl
1. lower difficulty than the previous competition, 50 questions are divided into Division 1 and Division 2 groups, respectively adapted to different grades;
2. a wide range of knowledge points were covered, with mechanics as the main topic, and additional content on heat, light/waves, electricity, and the history of modern physics;
3. all are multiple choice questions, 40 questions to be completed in 45 minutes, the amount of calculation is relatively large, and the last 10 questions are relatively difficult.
Physics Unlimited Premier Competition(PUPC)
1. an international physics challenge with a high degree of difficulty and a low award rate, supported by the Department of Physics and the Department of Astrophysical Sciences at Princeton University;
2. Students need A-Level, IB HL or AP Physics C level in order to participate in the competition. If they perform well in the competition, it will be very helpful for them to apply for the physics-related direction of the Ivy League schools in the United States;
3. There is no fixed syllabus, and the official website will be updated with the approximate scope of the exam.
Sir Isaac Newton Exam (SIN)
1. to enhance students' interest in physics as the goal, organized by the Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy of the University of Waterloo, Canada, suitable for North American direction STEM application, especially for the University of Waterloo students interested in;
2. moderately difficult, with a high global award-winning rate;
3. the competition is 120 minutes long, all multiple-choice questions, with a focus on classical mechanics topics.
Olympiads▪Chemistry
UK Chemistry Olympiad(UKChO)
1. Britain's highest academic authority in high school chemistry competition: it selecs talents for the International Chemistry Olympiad, the chemistry Olympiad program recommended by Oxford and Cambridge Universities. If students apply for Oxford/Chambridge's Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Environment, Medicine, Materials, Pharmacy and other majors, the competition is a necessary academic experience.
2. There is no fixed syllabus, the difficulty of the questions is close to that of AP Chemistry, and the combination with A-level Chemistry is very high. When students prepare for the competition, they can practice the official preparation questions and previous questions.
3. The difficulty of the paper is reflected in the large amount of reading and calculations and covers part of the university study content.
4. It embodies a very obvious S.T.S.E. concept, with a large number of information migration topics from the latest academic journals. Students should pay attention to science and technology innovation journals, websites, such as the official website of the organizer RSC, as well as the official recommendation of the Cambridge Natural Sciences, "New Scientist", "Young Scientist Journal" and so on.
Canadian Chemistry Olympiad
(JCCO&CCC&CCO)
1. It is one of the most authoritative chemistry competitions in Canada, organized by the Canadian Chemical Society, as a national Olympiad selection series. It is a national Olympiad selection series suitable for students in grade 8 and above;
2. The difficulty gradient is obvious. CCC is easier, suitable for students who are interested in chemistry or have certain strengths and wish to broaden their academic horizons. CCO is more difficult, suitable for students who have a stronger competitive level of chemistry olympiads to participate.
Australian Chemistry Olympiad(ASOC)
1. The highest level of chemistry competition in Australia;
2. It contains multiple-choice and information reading questions, similar with the difficulty of CCC, with a relatively high awarding rate;
3. The content of the exam overlaps with 80% of the Chemistry subject content of the mainstream International Baccalaureate programs (e.g. IG/AS/AL) and includes some A2 content. We recommend that students who have at least a basic knowledge of IGCSE Chemistry complete the remaining points and familiarize themselves with the questions before participating.
How to Plan for the Competition?
Tip: Whichever a competition to attend does not affect future college applications!
1. General idea:
Grade 5-6 to ignite interest: Students can participate in STEM intro-level competitions and related extracurricular activities;
Grades 7-9 to expand horizons: Students can participate in comprehensive science competitions and physics/chemistry/biology-specific competitions;
Grades 10-12 to advance academic: Students can participate in Olympiads, science, chemistry, and biology related lab projects, and online courses at top universities of target majors;
Outputs - getting awards from Olympiads, achieving research results, participating in international research forums, and presenting their practical experience and research results.
2. If you want to prove your potential and academic interest, you can start participating in junior competitions in the lower grades and gradually advance to Olympiad level competitions to demonstrate your passion and dedication to science;
3. If you are sure you want to apply to a certain university, you can choose the university's own competitions, such as the Sir Isaac Newton Exam at Waterloo, the Princeton Physics Competition (PUPC), etc. ;
4. The following summary, based on grades, is for your reference:
Physics: G1-6 NSL, G7 BSC, G8 JPC, G9 IPC&SPC/BAAO Junior, G10-12 BPhO, PhysicsBowl, SIN
Chemistry: G5-7 YBTC/BSC, G8-9: BSC/JCCO, G10 CCC/ASOC, G11-12 UKChO/CCO
5. Choices need to be combined with the specialty you want to study in the future, for example:
Astrophysics: UKMT+BPHO+BAAO
Chemistry/Chemical engineering: UKMT+UKCHO+BPHO
Biology/Biochemistry/Pharmacology: UKMT+UKCHO+BBO
Physics: UKMT+BPHO+UKCHO
Tips
1. Who is suitable for the Science Olympiad?
a. The Olympiad is not suitable for all grades; it is open to students in grades 11 and 12 and to exceptionally talented students in grades 9 and 10;
b. Students who are very strong academically (predicted to get an A/A* at A-level and a 7 in IB Science at Advanced Level);
c. Students who are interested in studying Physics, Chemistry and Biology at university;
d. Students who have the perseverance and desire to participate in the Olympiad!
2. A few important channels to get more information about competitions:
a. Asdan:previous papers, seminars, programs
http://www.seedasdan.com
b. Olympiad Support Booklet:
https://edu.rsc.org/un-chemistry-olympiad/chemistry-olympiad-support-booklet/1149.article
c. Olympiad Bites
https://edu.rsc.org/resources/chemistry-olympiad-worked-answers/1057.article
d. https://isaacphysics.org
e. Socrative: www.socrative.com
If you are interested in science competitions, you are welcome to reach out to your science teachers at Daystar for further information!
Welcome scan to watch Dr. Jessica Wang's workshop video
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